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The arrival of Indians to Fiji during the Indenture System
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      • The Legacy of Rajasthani Girmitiya- Thakur Bansi Chauhan
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      • The Girmitiyas – We Shall Not Forget
      • Historic Girmit Day Marked With Tears
      • The Stolen History Of Indo Fijian Girmitiya
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      • What Australian CSR Company Stole from Indo-Fijians In the Cane Fields of Fiji
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      • Chalo Jahaji – PDF download from ANU
    • Dr Kamlesh Sharma
    • Girmit – The Indenture Experience in Fiji
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    • Kunti’s Cry (An excerpt from “Chalo Jahaji – By Dr Brij Lal)
    • Interview – The National Library of Australia
    • Share, Treasure and Respect
    • Why GIRMIT.org
    • Indentured Labourers: Women
    • Discussing the Living Conditions of the Indians Emigrants (1879 – 1916)
    • An Indentured Labourer’s Story
Search:
  • Home
  • About
  • History
    • BBC Documentary: Coolies
    • List of Ships to Fiji
    • Districts Supplying Over 1% of Fiji’s North Indian Emigrants
    • The Wreck of Syria (Fiji Times, 12 May 1979)
  • List of Girmitiyas
    • Indian Immigration Passes – List of Girmitiyas from Madras
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST A = 2717 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST B = 5851 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST C = 2033 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST D = 2381 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST E & F = 299 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST G = 3285 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST H = 1079 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST I = 411 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST J = 2643 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST K = 3895 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST L = 1702 Records
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST M = 5846 Records part 1 of 2
    • Indian Immigration Passes – LIST N – PARTIAL RECORDS
  • Girmitiya Stories
    • Fiji Times Article – 12 May 1979
    • Abdul Aziz
    • Bhagelu
    • Bhujawan
    • Chinsan
    • Debi Singh
    • Devi Singh
    • Din Mohammed
    • Gafur
    • Gayadin
    • Govind Singh
    • Hussein
    • Jagan
    • Kanan
    • Lakhpat
    • Lotan
    • Mahabir
    • Mahadeo
    • Mangaia
    • Pahalad
    • Pancham
    • Rahim Buksh
    • Ramraj Maharaj
    • Samjhawan
  • Articles
    • Thakur Ranjit Singh
      • The Legacy of Rajasthani Girmitiya- Thakur Bansi Chauhan
      • Fiji’s Indentured “Slavery” marked 130 years
      • The Forgotten Girmitiyas
      • The Girmitiyas – We Shall Not Forget
      • Historic Girmit Day Marked With Tears
      • The Stolen History Of Indo Fijian Girmitiya
      • Sweet Sorrow – The Story of Fiji Girmit
      • What Australian CSR Company Stole from Indo-Fijians In the Cane Fields of Fiji
    • Dr Satish Rai
      • Milaap – A Personal Discovery
      • Girmit Focus Articles
      • Hindustaan Times Article – 09 Feb 2016
    • Dr Brij Lal
      • Chalo Jahaji – on a journey through indenture in Fiji
      • Chalo Jahaji – PDF download from ANU
    • Dr Kamlesh Sharma
    • Girmit – The Indenture Experience in Fiji
  • Authors Blogs
    • Quote from Tears in Paradise by Mr Rajendra Prasad
    • Kunti’s Cry (An excerpt from “Chalo Jahaji – By Dr Brij Lal)
    • Interview – The National Library of Australia
    • Share, Treasure and Respect
    • Why GIRMIT.org
    • Indentured Labourers: Women
    • Discussing the Living Conditions of the Indians Emigrants (1879 – 1916)
    • An Indentured Labourer’s Story
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By vsuperJune 26, 2019Leave a comment

Discussing the Living Conditions of the Indians Emigrants (1879 – 1916)

Authors BlogsBy vsuperFebruary 6, 20178 Comments

I have read a lot of literature by historians and came across the writing of JW Burton through books and articles written by, Dr Brij Lal, Andrew Thornley, Ken Gillion, Dr Ahmed Ali, Rajendra Prasad (NZ), Dr Satish Rai, and Thakur Ranjit Singh.  This discussion is based on the works of authors/historians mentioned here and…

Blog
  • Register of deaths of Indian Immigrants 1879 – 1927 June 18, 2022
  • Girmitiyas – A Sad Tale (Video Credit NeoBihar) May 15, 2021
  • Quote from Tears in Paradise by Mr Rajendra Prasad April 12, 2021
  • Kunti’s Cry (An excerpt from “Chalo Jahaji – By Dr Brij Lal) April 7, 2021
  • The Story of Kunti & Naraini February 1, 2021
  • An Indentured Labourer’s Story January 18, 2021
  • Interview – The National Library of Australia November 30, 2020
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF COUNTRY

Girmit.org acknowledges Australia’s First Nations Peoples – the First Australians – as the Traditional Owners and Custodians of this land and gives respect to the Elders – past and present – and through them to all Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

GIRMIT HISTORY

The Indian indenture system was a system of indentured servitude, by which 2 million Indians were transported to labour in European colonies, as a substitute for slave labour, following the abolition of the trade in the early 19th century. The system expanded after the abolition of slavery in the British Empire in 1833, in the French colonies in 1848, and in the Dutch Empire in 1863. Indian indentureship lasted till the 1920s. This resulted in the development of a large Indian diaspora in the Caribbean, Natal (South Africa), Réunion, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Myanmar, to Fiji, as well as the growth of Indo-Caribbean, Indo-African, Indo-Fijian, Indo-Malaysian, and Indo-Singaporean populations.

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